Type-writing machine



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

B. A. BROOKS.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

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B. A. BROOKS.

* TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 323,495. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

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5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

. B. A. BROOKS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 323,495. Patented Aug. 4,, 1885.

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(No Model.)

5 Sheet-Sheet 4. B. A. BROOKS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE- Patented Aug. 4, 1885 in Al E *Q L Vwwsyses-Divan/ZOE N. PEYERS, Pimwumn u hm Washinglan. n. c.

(No Model.) 7 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

B. A. BROOKS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 323,495. PatentedAug. 4, 1885.

- the parts of the machine.

' hence the leverage of said key-levers may be UNITED STATES PATENTQFFECEO BYRON A. BROOKS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

TYPE-*WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,495, dated August4, 1885.

Application filed June 13, 188-1. (No model.)

To all whom, it 12mg concern:

Be it known that I, BYRON A. BROOKS, residing in Brooklyn, in the countyof Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovementsin Type-Vriters, of which the following is a description insuch full, clear, concise,and exact terms as will enable any one skilledin the art to which my invention belongs to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying d rawings,1naking part of thisspecificatiomand to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my machine, partly insection. Fig. 2 is a top view. Figs. 3, 4, 1 2 and 3*, detail parts ofthe same, and Fig. 5 a vertical crosssection through Fig. 1.

My invention consists in certain novel parts and combinations of partsconstituting an improved type-writing machine.

Iertain features of novelty described and illustrated in thisspecification, but not claimed herein, are included in an applicationnow pending before the Patent Office, while others are reserved forapplications which will be hereafter filed.

Referring to Fig. 1, q is a slab of metal extending the entire width ofthe machine, the face of which is out with a series of parallellongitudinal grooves to receive the projections a on the under side ofthe key-levers A, &c. The projections a may be set in either of saidgrooves on this fulcrum-piece q in assembling The projections a may beset in either one or the other of the grooves of the fulcrum-piece q, toalter and adj ust the leverage of each k ey-lever independently. Bymoving such levers forward the distance between the fulcrum-point a tothe point where the force is applied by its correspondin g key isdiminished, while the distance between said fulcrum-point and the spring6 at its rear end always remains the same;

adjusted by altering the points at which they severally bear on thefulcrum-piece q.

As clearly seen on reference to the drawings, the levers A A are ofdifferent lengths, and for the purpose of having them all evenlybalanced it is necessary that the fulcrum-points of the several leversshould be at different distances from the front and rear of the box ofthe machine. The fulcrum-piece described is for the purpose offurnishing a convenient means of such adjustment. By evenly balancingall the type-levers the type-keys are'made to operate with equalresistance.

Connected to the ends of the key-levers are shown spring-bars 6, butrigid bars will answer every purpose. The opposite ends of these bars 6are suitably connected to the shorter ends of the bell-crank levers DGQcarrying the types of the machine. These bellcrank levers are allpivoted to a stationary frame, I), and each carries one, and only one,type. For the purpose of economizing space the levers D O are made ofthin strips of metal and of different lengths, being correspondinglypivoted on the stationary support, so that when actuated, the typeswhich they severally bear will strike upon the platen at a commonprinting-point. Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate in detail the construction ofsaid bell-crank type-bars and their supports, Fig. l being a sideelevation, and Fig. 2 a vertical crosssection through the same, partsbeing broken off. To prevent lateral vibration of the thin type-bars, Iprovide them at their pivot-points with bearing surfaces,as is clearlyshown in Fig. 2*. These bearing surfaces are formed by the support I)and the enlarged button-head on the pivot f. The pivot f is riveted toand is stationary in relation to the the supportb. Between these twosurfaces the typebars vibrate to print their respective characters. Thewidth of these levers D 0' should be less than the width of the typeswhich they respectively bear, and they are so placed with relation toeach other that the lovers bearing the type in the upper segment will,in moving down to the printingpoint, freely pass between the adjacenttypes on the lower segment.

Supported above the front ends of the levers A A is a shiftingkey-board, d d, carrying the keys A A arranged to move vertically insaid frame and normally held in their po sition of greatest elevation bythe coiled springs 8. Referring to Figs. and 3, this sliding key-frameis susceptible of a lateral movement, which is controlled by the key 13'and the springs 71 71, the said key operating any suitable device, suchas a cam or a lever, h,

.faces of all the types at the same time.

to move the frame laterally against the springs One form of device forshifting the key-board is shown in Fig. 3*. x is a wedge depressed bythe key 13' and returned to its first position by a spring, This wedgeacts against the inclined projection, :0 on the key-board to shift thesame. WVhen the key 13 is released,the key-board returns to its normalposition by the agency of the spring 00.

It will be observed that the forward ends of the levers AAare notfastened or in anyway connected to the keys A A. It will also beobserved in Fig. 2 that for each type-key there are two levers, A A,provided, which levers may be alternately operated by their corresponding key, as the frame cl bearing the same is moved laterally tobring the key over one or the other lever in turn. By the arrangement ofthe devices hereinbefore described I am able by the operation of asingle key to print two or more characters, carried by separatetype-levers vibrating on fixed pivots, substantially as described.

O is an inking-pad made in the form of a segment of a circle tocorrespond with the position of the types, and bearing evenly on the Itis swung upon the rod 1), supported above the type, and operated by thebent lever 19, one end of which is connected by the rod 0 and lever O tothe spacing-key B. WVhen the spacing-key is in its normal position,thepad is swung up and out of the path of the type in traveling to theprinting-point, and when it is actuated the pad is swung down andpressed evenly againstthe faces of all the types. A separate key, markedinker, Fig. 2, is also connected to the lever which operates theinking-pad, so that, if desired, inking the type may be accomplishedindependently and with out making a word-space. Each time, therefore,the key B is depressed to space between words the inking-pad pressesagainst thefaces of all the types and supplies them with ink.

In Fig. l of the drawings the lever O,operatingtheinking-pad,isshown,Fig.1,direc y beneath the spacing-key. InFig. 2 the inking-pad lever does not extend all the way back to thespacing-key, but terminates at the but ton marked inker, where it may beconnected by a lug or projection, 2, to the arm which supports thespacing-key, which arm is pivoted to the frame at or near its center.The inking-pad may he, therefore, operated either by the key markedinker, which is connected directly therewith, or by operating thespacing-key, which is connected to said inking-pad lever 0' through thearm which sustains the spacing-key. The spacing-lever is connected in asimilar manner to the extreme right of the spaciligkey.

Referring to Fig. 4., instead of a pad or similar device, I may use aninking-ribbon, z, wound around areel, j, and unwound against the forceof a spiral spring connected to 1 said reel and its shaft by therevolution of the wheel 3'', provided with teeth on its raisedperiphery, combined with the stationary pawl Z and the pawl m, carriedby the pivoted arm it, operated by the variable spacing-rod t. The reelsj" and j are supported on the frame a in sucha position that the ribbontraveling between them is held a small distance above the paper on theplaten E, and preferably at right angles to the said platen, the saidreels coacting to hold the ribbon taut, prevent smirching and blurring,and to leave the matter as it is being printed always in sight of theoperator. By the means described it will be seen that the ribbon movesforward with every printing-impulse to present a fresl surface to eachsuccessive type. XVhen the whole length of ribbon has been wound off thereel 9' on the reel 9'', by drawing the pawls 8 1 m and Z out ofengagement with their eorres donding ratchet-teeth, the coil spring onthe reel j will again wind the ribbon back on the reel j.

The bars 2'' i, Fig. l, are tracks upon which the platen-carriageslides. This carriage holds the pivoted cylindrical platen E and thedevice for revolving the same upon its axis. The platen-carriage is freeto move longitudinally upon the bars t '6', said longitudinal movementbeing imparted by the rack is, connected thereto, in combination withthe revolving screw j, which is in turn actuated (see Fig. 3) by thepawl q meshing in the ratchet-teeth h", and its attendant parts,combined with the spacing-bar t, having a variable vertical movement.These devices,whichact as an escapement, operate as follows: Connectedto the spacing-bar t is the broken levert it, which, when raised bymeans of the pivoted arm S, presses the pawl q out of connection withthe ratchet-teeth on the circumference of wheel 7/. The arm S beingraised still farther throws the arm bearing the pawl q downward. As thearm a is lowered, the pawl,being released, falls into the ratchet-teethopposite. During this operation the prong g on the arm pivoted to thestationary support 1; and the arm u, projects between the pins 12 on theside of the wheel h and prevents the said wheel from revolving under theinfluence of a spiral spring, i, connected thereto. (See Fig. 4.) As thearm it continues to descend after the pawl q has fallen into connectionwith the ratchet, as before described, the prong g is withdrawn frombetween the pins 12, and the wheel h revolves under the influence ofsaid spiral spring connected thereto until it is stopped by the arm Scoming in contact with the stop-pin w, which projects from the frame ofthe machine.

The attachment of the pin to theframe of the machine is not shown, butsaid pin may be supported by a rod projecting from any of the stationaryparts of the machine or framesuch, for instance, as the standard 2;.

The bar t is provided with a series of set- IOG IIO

screws, 1* 1', one for each key-lever A. These key-bars A each have agiven vertical move ment, and it will be readily seen that the distancethe bar I? rises when a given lever A is actuated, and therefore thelateral movement imparted to the platen E, may be governed by theadjustment of these set'screws. This device is for the purpose ofregulating the spaces between the impressions of the type and to impartthe amount of lateral motion to the platen necessary to insure an equalspace between theletters, whether theletter be broad or narrow.

The revolution of the screw j may be reversed to draw the platencarriagetoward the right hand by means of a horizontal rack, n, and theintermediate cog-wheels and pinions, a, a, and b.

In this specification I have confined myself to the description andillustration of a machine in which each type-key is capable of operatingtwo different type-levers, but by providing the movable keyframe withmeans whereby there may be imparted to it various degrees of lateralmovement, each key may be made to operate three or more type-levers.

Certain features shown herein are shown and claimed in my applicationNo. 131,967.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a vibrating framebearing a series of type-keys with a series of key-levers controllingthe movement of the printing-type, the type-keys operating above but notconnected to the corresponding levers, each key being combined with aplurality of key-levers and brought in position to operate the same bythe vibrations of the l ey-frame, substantially as described, for thepurpose specified.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a vibrating liey frame,(1, suitable mechanism, It, for imparting to said frame its vibratingmovement, typekeys A, springs s, and corresponding key-levers, A A,control ling the operation of the printing-type, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a type-writing machine, a series of key-levers of differentlengths capable of being adjusted to various fulcrum-points to giveequal leverage, combined with a series of keys operating above but notconnected with said levers, and with suitable fulcra, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a type-writing machine, a fulcrumpiece, q, provided with a seriesof grooves cut in its face and combined with the key-levers A A, pivotedtherein, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writing machine, in combination with the inking-ribbon, tworeels to which said ribbon is attached, one of said reels being operatedand controlled byaratchet-wheel and paw], and the other being controlledby the action of a coiled spring operating against the throw of saidpawl to draw the ribbon back when said pawl is released, substantiallyas described.

6. In a type-writing machine, aplaten, rack, and worm-wheel operatingthe same, a ratchetwheel and pawl to control the revolutions of saidworm-wheel, combined with a rack-bar and connecting pinion-wheels,operated and combined, substantially as described, for the purpose ofdrawing the platen-carriage back.

7. In a typewriting machine,a platen, rack, and worm-wheel operating thesame, a variable escapeinent to control the revolutions of saidworm-wheel, combined with a rack-bar and connecting pinionwheels,operated and combined, substantially as described, for the purpose ofdrawing the platen-carriage back.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of an inking-ribbon, 2,spring-reel j, reel 3'', ratchet operating the same, connecting-bar, andspacing mechanism, substantially as described.

9. In a type-writing machine, and in combination with the platenthereof, an escapement-wheel and pawl having a positive variable throw,key-levers, spacingbar, and connecting-rods, substantially as described.

10. In a type-writing machine, a platen-can riage and a rack andworm-wheel combined with a variable escapement controlling the movementthereof, substantially as described.

11. In a type-writing machine, the eombination of key-levers, a barhaving avariable reciprocating motion, an escapement-wheel and pawlhaving a positive variable throw controlling the forward movement of theplaten, substantially as described.

12. In a type-writing machine, and combined with the platen-carriage, arack and worm-wheel, and an escapement-wheel, and a pawl having apositive variable throw, substantially as described.

13. The combination of a spring, i, ratchetwheel in", pawl q, pivotedbars S and S, pins 1), prong g, and aetuatingdevcrs, substantially asdescribed, to produce a variable escape ment.

BYROX A. BROOKS.

Vitnesses:

WM. H. Bnoannllx, J. EDGAR BULL.

